a!-Annelated pyrrole derivatives and pharmaceutical use thereof

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to heterocyclic compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R 1  -R 7 , B, a and X have the meanings recited in the specification. These compounds are usable in the treatment of diseases of the rheumatoid group and for the prevention of allergically induced diseases.

This application is a 371 of PCT/EP95/02079 filed May 31, 1995.

The invention relates to pyrroles which are anellated at bond a, and their use in pharmacology, as well as to pharmaceuticals that contain these compounds.

It is known that arachidonic acid is metabolized by different routes. In the cyclooxygenase route, the arachidonic acid is metabolized into prostaglandins under the influence of the enzyme cyclooxygenase. In the lipoxygenase route, the arachidonic acid is metabolized into so-called leukotrienes under the influence of lipoxygenases.

The prostaglandins are involved in the development of inflammation, fever and pain, while the leukotrienes play an important role in the development of asthma, inflammations, and allergies. To fight these symptoms, nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs are used, such as arylethanoic acid derivatives, 2-arylpropionic acid derivatives, and anthranilic acid derivatives. These derivatives inhibit the cyclooxygenase and thus prevent the formation of the prostaglandins from arachidonic acid. Such derivatives are not used without reservations with regard to their side effects, however. Drugs that inhibit lipoxygenase are not available on the market.

European Patent Disclosure EP-A-397 175 describes pyrrolizine compounds of the formula: ##STR2## in which two of the radicals R³, R⁴ and R⁵ independently of one another stand for H, C₅ -C₈ cycloalkyl, C₁ -C₁₂ alkyl or aryl, which is optionally substituted by one or two radicals, which are selected from the group comprising halogen, NO₂, C₁ -C₄ alkoxy, C₁ -C₄ alkyl or phenoxy, and the third of the radicals R³, R⁴ and R⁵ stands for CHO, CO₂ HO, COSC₁ -C₄ alkyl or A--X, where A stands for a straight-chain or branched C₁ -C₈ alkylene group or a C₂ -C₈ alkenylene group, and X stands for CO₂ H, SO₃ H, CHO, OH, or SH. These compounds are cyclooxygenase- and/or lipoxygenase-inhibitors, and are therefore usable in the treatment of diseases of the rheumatoid variety and for the prevention of allergically induced diseases.

Those compounds of the above formula in which A--X stands for CH₂ CO₂ H are especially efficacious. However, they have a strong tendency to decarboxylate. For example, the half life in chloroform is ca. 1-2 h, while a 1% alkaline, aqueous solution decarboxylates at a rate of ca. 2% per day.

Surprisingly, it has now been found that certain heterocyclic compounds are chemically more stable, with a comparable effect. Moreover, the compounds also have novel effect qualities, such as lowering blood pressure, lipid reduction, and tracheal relaxation.

The subject of the invention is therefore heterocyclic compounds of formula I: ##STR3## in which two of the radicals R¹, R² and R³, which may be identical or different, stand for a hydrogen atom, an aryl radical, which optionally has one or two substituents which are selected from the group comprising halogen, pseudohalogen, CF₃, NO₂, OH, alkoxy, OCF₃, alkyl and aryloxy, or a mono- or bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic radical which has at least one oxygen, nitrogen and/or sulfur atom and which is optionally condensed with a phenyl or napthyl radical and is optionally substituted by halogen, CF₃, alkyl or alkoxy, and

the third of the radicals R¹, R² and R³ stands for COCO₂ H, COCO₂ alkyl or A--Y,

A stands for C₁ -C₈ alkylene or C₂ -C₈ alkenylene,

Y stands for CONR⁸ R⁹,

R⁸ and R⁹, which may be identical or different, stand for H, alkyl, OH, acyl, SO₂ alkyl, or SO₂ phenyl, and the alkyl radical of the sulfonyl group is optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms and the aryl radical is optionally substituted by one or more halogen, C₁ -C₈ alkyl, or C₁ -C₈ alkoxy radicals,

R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and R⁷, which may be identical or different, stand for H or alkyl, or two of the vicinal radicals stand for a chemical bond between the two ring atoms to which they are bonded and the other two have the meanings stated, or two of the geminal radicals together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded stand for a carbonyl group,

X stands for CH₂, CO, O, S, SO, SO₂, or NR¹⁰, where R¹⁰ stands for H, alkyl or aryl, which is optionally substituted by halogen, C₁ -C₈ alkyl, or C₁ -C₈ alkoxy,

B stands for CH₂ or CH₂ CH₂,

a stands for 0, 1 or 2, and

their optical isomers, salts and esters.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIGS. 1a-1c, 2, 3a, 3b, 4, 5a and 5b are flow sheets depicting processes A to O which are chemical synthesis processes analogous to the processes used to make the compounds according to the invention.

The pharmaceutically compatible salts in the present case can be acid addition salts or base addition salts. Inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, or phosphoric acid, or organic acids such as tartaric acid, lactic acid, citric acid, malic acid, mandelic acid, ascorbic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, gluconic acid, and the like are used for acid addition salts.

Base addition salts include salts of the formula I compounds with inorganic bases such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide or with organic bases such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, or triethanolamine.

The esters of the formula I compounds, in particular include esters that are physiologically easy to hydrolyze, for example alkyl ester, pivaloyloxymethyl ester, acetoxymethyl ester, phthalidyl ester, indanyl ester, and methoxymethyl ester.

The term "alkyl, alkoxy, etc." includes straight-chain or branched alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl and i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, or t-butyl, n-pentyl, neopentyl, n-hexyl, etc.

Unless otherwise indicated, "alkyl" preferably stands for C₁ -C₈ alkyl, in particular for C₁ -C₆ alkyl, and in particular preferably, for C₁ -C₄ alkyl.

"Aryl" preferably stands for naphthyl and in particular for phenyl.

The term "halogen atom" includes a fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine atom and in particular for a fluorine or chlorine atom. "Pseudohalogen" particularly stands for CN, OCN, SCN, or N₃.

"Alkylene" or "alkenylene" stands for straight-chain or branched alkylene or alkenylene groups with preferably 1 to 6 or 2 to 6 and in particular 1 to 4 or 2 to 4 carbon atoms. The alkylene group and in particular the methylene group is preferable.

"Acyl" stands for RCO, where R preferably has the meanings stated for "alkyl" and "aryl". Acetyl is particularly preferable.

The "aromatic, heterocyclic radical" refers in particular to a 5- and 6-member heterocyclic radical that can be substituted and anellated as indicated above. Examples are a thiophene, pyrrole, imidazole, thiazole, thiadiazole, furan, oxazole, isoxazole, pyridine, pyrimidine, benzofuran, or quinoline radical. If the heterocycle is substituted, 1, 2, or 3 substituents are available, which are selected from the group comprising halogen, CF₃, C₁ -C₈ alkyl, and C₁ -C₈ alkoxy. A thiophene- or halogen-substituted, in particular chlorine-substituted, thiophene radical, or a furan, pyridine, benzofuran or quinoline radical is preferable.

If one of the radicals R₁, R₂, and R₃ means a heterocyclic radical or a substituted aryl radical, then R₂ preferably stands for such a radical.

The substituents of the aryl group are preferably selected from the group comprising halogen, in particular fluorine or chlorine, CF₃, NO₂, and phenoxy. If the aryl group is a phenyl ring, the substituents are preferably situated in the m-position and/or the p-position.

If Y stands for CONR⁸ R⁹, then R⁸ preferably stands for a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group and R⁹ stands for optionally halogen- substituted SO₂ C₁ -C₈ alkyl or optionally C₁ -C₈ alkyl- substituted SO₂ phenyl, in particular SO₂ CH₃, SO₂ CF₃, SO₂ phenyl or SO₂ tolyl.

Preferably the third of the radicals R¹, R², and R³ is situated in the 5-position of the pyrrolizidine structure.

A preferred embodiment is the compounds of above formula I, in which two of the radicals R¹, R² and R³, independently of one another, stand for H, phenyl, halogen- or CF₃ -substituted phenyl (one, two or three halogen atoms), or for a 5- or 6-member heterocyclic ring of the above-defined type, and the third of the radicals R¹, R², and R³ stands for A--Y, where A stands for C₁ -C₈ alkylene and Y stands for CONR⁸ R⁹, where R⁸ and R⁹ have the meanings indicated above.

Another preferred embodiment is the compounds of the above-mentioned formula I, in which R¹ stands for H or phenyl, R² stands for phenyl, halogen-substituted phenyl, or a 5- or 6-member heterocyclic ring, and R³ stands for A--Y, where A and Y have the meanings stated.

In a particularly preferable manner, A--Y stands for CH₂ CONHSO₂ R, where R stands for CH₃, CF₃, phenyl, or tolyl.

X preferably stands for CH₂ ; B preferably stands for CH₂ ; a preferably stands for 0.

A particularly preferable set of embodiments is the compounds of the above-mentioned formula I, in which two of the radicals R⁴ and R⁶ or R⁵ and R⁷ together stand for a chemical bond or in which the radicals R⁴ -R⁷ stand for H or alkyl. These compounds have the formula: ##STR4## The radicals R¹ to R⁷ and X have the meanings stated.

A further preferred embodiment is the compounds of formula I", in which if X stands for CH₂, then R⁶ and R⁷ stand for alkyl and R⁴ and R⁵ stand for hydrogen, and if X stands for S, then R⁶ and R⁷ stand for H and R⁴ and/or R⁵ stand for alkyl.

If the compounds according to the invention have asymmetry centers, racemates as well as optical isomers (enantiomers, diastereomers) are included.

The synthesis of the compounds according to the invention takes place analogous to the processes A to O described in FIGS. 1a-c, 2, 3a, 3b, 4, 5a and 56. These methods are partially described in European Patent Disclosure EP-A-397 157; reference is hereby made to this publication and the literature references mentioned therein.

Initial compounds for the production of the compounds according to the invention are the compounds of formula II: ##STR5## where R¹, R⁴ -R⁷, and X have the meanings stated. These compounds are known in the literature, or they can be produced analogously to known processes, for example by those described in EP-A-397 175 (X═CH₂, CO) through the reaction of aminothiols, diamines, and amino alcohols derived from D- and L-amino acids with the imide esters of correspondingly substituted carboxylic acids (FIG. 1b A1/A2). The formula II compounds are reacted with the corresponding compounds of formula III. ##STR6## in which Z stands for Cl or Br and R² and R³ have the desired meanings. The formula III compounds are likewise known from the literature or they can be produced analogously to known processes, for example those compounds in which R² stands for an aromatic, heterocyclic radical are produced analogous to the processes described by J. J. Riehl in C. R. Hebd. Seance. Acad. Sci. Ser. C (1957), 245, pp. 1321-1322. The reaction takes place an inert solvent (such as ethanol, methylene chloride, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran) in the presence of a suitable base (such as NaHCO₃, triethylamine). If X stands for 0, S or NR¹⁰, the reaction takes place preferably in an ether or aromatic hydrocarbon, such as diethyl ether, benzene or toluene; the quaternized intermediate product precipitates out. This product is isolated and dissolved in a chlorinated solvent, such as CH₂ Cl₂, and treated with a base, such as triethylamine.

This reaction produces the formula Ia compounds: ##STR7##

If at least one of the radicals R¹, R², and R³ stands for a hydrogen atom, compounds of the following formulas IVa through IVc are obtained: ##STR8##

The compounds of series a, b, or c are derived from this depending on the position of the hydrogen atom.

This reaction as well as the reactions mentioned below are outlined in FIGS. 1a-c, 2, 3a, 3b, 4, 5a, and 5b in the example of the compounds of series a. The same is true for the synthesis and derivative production of the compounds of series b and c.

In addition to the process described in European Patent Disclosure EP-A-397 175 (process A), another process (process B) is used for the composition of heterocycles IVa, IVb, and IVc, where X═O, S or NR¹⁰ (FIG. 2): the starting point of this process is correspondingly substituted 2-(5H)furanones (VI), which are produced from carboxylic acid salts of structure V and the halogen aldehydes and halogen ketones of structure III (FIG. 2), analogous to the methods described in the literature (a: Rio, G. and Sekiz, B. Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr. 1976, 1491, 1495. b: Padwa, A., Brookhart, T., Dehm, D., and Wubbels, G., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 8247, 8259). Analogous to methods known from the literature, these are transformed into 1,5-dihydro-2-pyrrolones (VII or VIII) (c: Matsuda et al. Yakugaku Zasshi 95, 1975! 190, 194 (C.A. 83 1975! 42 780; d: Rio, G. and Sekiz, B., see above).

Depending on the condensation reagent used and on the second functional group of the bifunctional amines NH₂ -- CR⁴ R⁵ CR⁶ R⁷ -- B!_(a) --OH or NH₂ CH₂ CH(OCH₃)₂, the cyclization to the anellated heterocycle leads to partially hydrated forms (formula I", FIG. 2: B1/B2) or to dehydrated forms (formula I', FIG. 2: B3, B4, B5).

To insert the substituent A--CONR⁸ R⁹, the radical A--CO₂ H is first inserted, by methods known to one skilled in the art. These methods include, for example:

a) Reaction of a formula Ia compound with a carboxylic acid halogenide HalOC--A'--COO alkyl, in which A' stands for a chemical bond, C₁ -C₇ alkylene or C₂ -C₇ alkenylene and Hal stands for Cl or Br (FIG. 3a, process C/variant A). The formula Ia compound obtained, in which one of the radicals R¹, R², and R³ stands for CO--A'--CO₂ alkyl, is then treated with a reagent which is suitable for the reduction of the carbonyl group to a CH₂ group, for example hydrazine, NaCNBH₃ or zinc amalgam. The reaction with the carboxylic acid halogenide is carried out in an inert solvent, e.g. diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran, optionally in the presence of a catalyst. The reduction with hydrazine under the conditions of a Wolff-Kishner reduction, and especially the Huang-Minlon Variant of it, is preferred. The reduction with hydrazine is preferably carried out in a high-boiling alcohol, e.g. diethylene glycol. The formula XVI compound is obtained in this manner.

b) There are a number of methods available for inserting the particularly preferable group CH₂ CO₂ H (see FIGS. 3a, 3b, and 4). The first possibility comprises reacting a formula IV compound with oxalyl chloride (FIG. 5b), wherein a formula I compound is obtained, in which one of the radicals R¹, R², and R³ stands for COCO₂ H. This compound is then treated with a reagent which is suited to the reduction of the ketocarbonyl group, for example hydrazine, HaCNBH₃, or zinc amalgam (also see point a) above).

Another possibility comprises reacting a formula IVa compound with a diazoethanoic acid alkyl ester producing a formula I compound in which one of the radicals R¹, R², and R³ stands for CH₂ COO alkyl. If so desired, this compound is then subjected to ester cleavage into the corresponding free carboxylic acid. (FIG. 3a, XVII).

The reaction with the diazoethanoic acid is carried out in an inert solvent, for example toluene or xylene, in the presence of copper powder or complex copper(I) salts or copper(II) salts. The reaction is carried out at an increased temperature, suitably at the boiling temperature of the solvent used.

A further possibility comprises the reaction of a formula IV compound with chloral producing a formula XIV compound and treatment of the activated compound with a dithionite, for example sodium dithionite or rongalite (hydroxymethane sulfinic acid sodium salt); see FIG. 3, process E.

c) The insertion of a formyl group group into the pyrrole ring is carried out through the reaction of a formula IV compound with phosphorus oxychloride/dimethyl formamide (see FIG. 3b). The reaction is carried out in an inert solvent, for example benzene, toluene, or xylene, at an increased temperature, suitably at the boiling point of the solvent used. A formula IX compound is obtained, in which one of the radicals R¹, R², and R³ stands for CHO. The --CHO group can then be reduced in a usual way, for example with LiAlH₄, in an inert solvent, for example tetrahydrofuran, forming the corresponding hydroxymethyl compound XIX (FIG. 3b). This can then be used for further reactions for the insertion of the desired groups (process K, J; FIG. 3b).

The formyl group in a Wittig reaction carried out under normal conditions can be transformed into a corresponding alkenylene group producing the compound X (see compound X in FIG. 3b). If so desired, this can in turn be hydrated in a usual way, forming the corresponding alkylene compound (XXIII, FIG. 4).

d) Reaction of a formula IV compound with an anhydride with the formula: ##STR9## produces the corresponding formula I ketocarboxylic acids, in which one of the radicals R¹, R², and R³ stands for CO(CH₂)_(n) CO₂ H. With the reagent already mentioned, the ketocarbonyl group can be reduced to a CH₂ group (see FIGS. 3, 3a, XI-XVI).

The preparation of the formula I compounds, in which one of the radicals R¹, R², and R³ stands for A--CONR⁸ R⁹, is then done starting with the corresponding activated derivative of carboxylic acid of formula Ia, in which one of the radicals R¹, R², and R³ stands for ACO₂ H, by reaction with the corresponding sulfonamide, amine, amide or hydroxylamine (see FIG. 2). Suitable activated carboxylic acid derivatives are known to one skilled in the art; the imidazole derivative is preferred.

The reaction is performed in an inert solvent, for example an ether, such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran, in the presence of a base, such as sodium hydride. The reaction temperature is in the range from room temperature to the boiling point of the solvent. Expediently, the reaction is performed at room temperature.

The compounds according to the invention have proved to be potent cyclooxygenase and/or lipoxygenase inhibitors. They can therefore be used in the treatment of diseases which are associated with a change in arachidonic acid metabolism. In particular, this pertains to diseases of the rheumatoid variety and the prevention of allergically induced diseases. The compounds according to the invention consequently represent effective anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics, antipyretics, antiallergics, and broncholytics or are effective against bronchial constriction and can therefore be used for thrombosis prophylaxis and for the prophylaxis of anaphylactic shock as well as for the treatment of dermatological diseases such as psoriasis, urticaria, acute and chronic exanthemas of allergic and non-allergic genesis. They are also usable for treating lipid exchange, in particular in order to lower cholesterol.

The compounds according to the invention, as compared with the corresponding carboxylic acids, have considerably greater stability in solution. Thus 6-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-7-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizin-5-yl acetic acid in chloroform, with a half life of ca. 1 h and in aqueous solution (sodium salt) decarboxylates at a rate of ca. 2% per day. The analogous methane sulfonamide, conversely, is stable, with a largely unchanged profile of efficacy.

The compounds according to the invention can be administered either as individual therapeutic agents or as mixtures with other therapeutic agents: They can be administered as is, but in general, they are administered in the form of pharmaceuticals, that is, as mixtures of agents with suitable pharmaceutical vehicles or diluents. The compounds or agents can be administered orally or parenterally, preferably, though, they are given in oral dosage forms.

The type of pharmaceutical and the type of pharmaceutical vehicle or diluent depend on the desired type of administration. Oral agents can be in tablet or capsule form and can contain conventional excipients such as binders (e.g. syrup, acacia, gelatine, sorbitol, tragacanth, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone), fillers (e.g. lactose, sugar, cornstarch, calcium phosphate, sorbitol, or glycine), lubricants (e.g. magnesium stearate, talcum, polyethylene glycol, or silicon dioxide), disintegrating agents (e.g. starch), or wetting agents (e.g. sodium lauryl sulfate). Oral fluid preparations can be in the form of aqueous or oleaginous suspensions, solutions, emulsions, syrups, elixirs, or sprays, etc. or can be in the form of dry powder for reconstitution in water or another suitable vehicle.

Fluid preparations of this kind can contain conventional additives, for example suspension agents, flavorings, diluents, or emulsifying agents. For parenteral administration, solutions or suspensions can be used with standard pharmaceutical vehicles.

The compounds or agents according to the invention can be administered to a mammal (human and animal) in doses of approximately 0.5 mg to approximately 100 mg per kg of body weight per day. They can be administered in a single dose or in a number of doses.

The spectrum of efficacy of the compounds was investigated using the following tests:

1) Phenylquinone writhing test in the mouse p.o., S. Irwin, Psychopharmacologia, 13:222-257, 1968;

2) Formalin analgesia test in the mouse p.o., B. Rubin et al., Endocrinol., 49:429-439, 1951;

3) Inhibition of arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation, V. Bertele et al., Science 220:517-519 (1983);

4) Inhibiting inflammation in rat paw edema, C. A. Winter et al., Proc. Exper. Biol. Med., 111:544-547 (1962);

5) Tracheal relaxation in the guinea pig, F. P. Luduena et al., Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn., 111:392-400, 1957;

6) Cholesterol-reducing action in the mouse, C. E. Day et al., Atherosclerosis Drug Discovery, Ed. Charles E. Day, Plenum Publishing Corp., New York, 1976, 231-249.

7) IC₅₀ /LO/CO: Inhibition of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (CO) and 5-lipoxygenase (LO), Dannhardt et al., J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 1992, 44:419-424.

The results are given in the following Table 1:

    ______________________________________                                         Comp..sup.1/                                                                          1      2      3    4    5    6    7                                     ______________________________________                                         3      x      x      x                                                                          x    x                                                                         4    x                                                                              x      x x                                                                     2,3/1,5 × 10.sup.-7                                                 5                                                                                   x                                                                              x                                                                         6                                                                                   x                                                                         7                                                                                   x      x x                                                                8                                                                                   x                                                                              x                                                                         9    x      x x x                                                              10   x                                                                              x                                                                              x                                                                         11   x                                                                              x                                                                         12                                                                                  x      x                                                                       x                                                                         13                                                                                  x      x                                                 ______________________________________                                    

The following examples explain the invention. All temperature data is uncorrected. The IR spectra, unless otherwise indicated, were picked up from KBr compacts. Unless otherwise noted, the NMR spectra are 200 MHz spectra, picked up in CDCl₃ with tetramethylsilane (TMS) as an internal standard. The IR spectra are indicated in cm⁻¹ and the NMR spectra are indicated in δ(ppm).

EXAMPLES

General recipe for preparing aryl-substituted a!- or 1,2!-anellated pyrroles (pyrrolo 1,2-a!pyrroles=pyrrolizines, pyrrolo 1,2-a!pyridines=indolizines, pyrrolo 1,2-a!azepines)

To a solution of 20 mmol omega-bromacetyl compounds in 100 ml methylene chloride, 20 mmol of the corresponding cyclic imine derivative in 50 ml of methylene chloride is added quickly drop by drop and stirred for 4 h at room temperature with the exclusion of moisture. Next, 30 ml of 5% aqueous NaHCO₃ solution is added, and the mixture is stirred intensively for another 4 h. After the addition of 200 ml of water, the organic phase is separated off, dried over Na₂ SO₄, and evaporated at reduced pressure. The residue is made to crystallize with methanol, and optionally recrystallized from methanol.

General Recipe for Preparing Aryl-Substituted a!- or 1,2!-Anellated Pyrrol-5-yl-Oxoacetic Acids

To a solution of 1.4 mmol oxalic acid ethyl ester chloride in 20 ml of dry methylene chloride, 1.3 mmol of correspondingly substituted anellated pyrrole, dissolved in 20 ml of dry methylene chloride, is added drop by drop while stirring, and stirring is continued for 20 min. After 40 ml of water is carefully added, the organic phase is separated out and dried over Na₂ SO₄. The residue remaining after the solvent has been extracted is suspended in 20 ml diisopropyl ether aspirated off, and rewashed two more times with 5 ml of diisopropyl ether each time.

General Recipe for Preparing Aryl-Substituted a!- or 1,2!-Anellated Pyrrol-5-yl-Acetic Acids

2 mmol of the corresponding oxoester derivative are mixed with 2 ml of diethylene glycol and 1.5 ml of 80% hydrazine derivative and stirred for 30 min at 60° C. Next, 2.1 g of potassium hydroxide are added, and the reaction mixture is heated while stirring for 2 h to 140° C.

The still-warm mixture is added to 20 ml of ice water and adjusted with dilute phosphoric acid to pH=3-4; the raw product settled out as a solid. This is aspirated, rewashed several times with water, dried in a vacuum, and then washed several times with a little diisopropyl ether.

General Recipe for Preparing N-sulfonylated a!- or 1,2!-Anellated Arylpyrrolcarboxylic Acid Amides

Mixture A:

2.6 mmol of the applicable pyrrolcarboxylic acid are stirred with 5 mmol of carbonyl diimidazole in 25 ml dry tetrahydrofuran for 1 h at room temperature.

Mixture B:

3 mmol of the correspondingly substituted sulfonamide are dissolved in 20 ml dry tetrahydrofuran in an argon atmosphere, mixed with 3.3 mmol sodium hydride (mineral oil suspension), and stirred for 1 h at room temperature.

Mixture B is added in an argon atmosphere to mixture A and stirred for 40 h. The suspension is poured onto 40 ml of ice water, adjusted with dilute phosphoric acid to pH=4, and extracted multiple times with diethyl ether. After drying of the organic phase over Na₂ SO₄ and extraction of the solvent, the remaining residue is recrystalized from isopropanol.

The intermediate compounds and final compounds obtained, along with their physical data, are given in the following Tables 2-5. The intermediate compounds for Examples 1, 2 and 13 are described in EP-A 397 175, and those for Examples 3-6, 9 and 10 are prepared analogously.

                                      TABLE 2                                      __________________________________________________________________________     Reference Examples                                                             1 #STR10##                                                                     Reference                                                                      Example X                                                                            R.sup.1                                                                          R.sup.2 R.sup.3                                                                               R.sup.4                                                                           R.sup.5                                                                          R.sup.6                                                                             R.sup.7                                                                             X                                        __________________________________________________________________________     1     Ph                                                                               5-Cl-2-thienyl                                                                         H      H  H CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.2                                 2     Ph                                                                               5-Cl-2-thienyl                                                                         COCO.sub.2 Et                                                                         H  H CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.2                                 3     Ph                                                                               5-Cl-2-thienyl                                                                         H      H  H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                   CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                   CH.sub.2                                 4     Ph                                                                               5-Cl-2-thienyl                                                                         COCO.sub.2 Et                                                                         H  H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                   CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                   CH.sub.2                                 5     Ph                                                                               CO(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CO.sub.2 H                                                          5-Cl-2-thienyl                                                                        H  H H    H    CH.sub.2                                 6.sup.1)                                                                             Ph                                                                               5-Cl-2-thienyl                                                                         H      CH.sub.3                                                                          --                                                                               H    --   S                                        7.sup.1                                                                              Ph                                                                               5-Cl-2-thienyl                                                                         CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 Et                                                                  CH.sub.3                                                                          --                                                                               H    --   S                                        8     Ph                                                                               4-CF.sub.3 -phenyl                                                                     H      H  H CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.2                                 9     Ph                                                                               4-CF.sub.3 -phenyl                                                                     CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                   H  H CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.2                                 __________________________________________________________________________      .sup.1) Compound of Formula 1'-                                          

                  TABLE 3                                                          ______________________________________                                         Compound of                                                                    Reference                                                                      Example #                                                                      ______________________________________                                         1        B.P.: Oil                                                                      IR: 2950, 1656, 1596, 1444, 1414, 1382, 792, 759, 697                          NMR: 7,29-7,17(m, 5H,arom); 6,71(s,1H,N--CH--);                                6,70 (AB, J = 3,5, ═CH--); 6,49 (AB,J =                                    3,5. ═CH--); 3,72(s,2H,--CH.sub.2 --N); 2,75(s,2H,                         --CH.sub.2 --); 1,27(s,6H,--CH.sub.3)                                 2        B.P. 133.0 C                                                                   IR; 2955, 1736, 1619, 1467, 1426, 1373, 1241, 1179,                            1049, 701                                                                      NMR; 7,26-7,10(m, 5H, arom); 6,82 (AB, J = 3,7,                                --CH═); 6,77 (AB, J = 3,7, --CH═); 4,22 (s,2H,                         --CH.sub.2 N--); 3,87(q, 2H, J = 7,0, ethyl); 2,82(s,2H,                       --CH.sub.2 --); 7,31 (s,6H,--CH.sub.2); 1,19(t,3H,J = 7,0,                     ethyl)                                                                3        B.P. 80.3 C                                                                    IR; 2995, 1550, 1447, 1380, 1157, 1062, 986, 786, 758,                         694                                                                            NMR; 7,30-7,15(m,5H,arom); 6,68(d,AB,1H,J = 4,0,                               thienyl); 6,47 (d,AB,1H, thienyl) (6,67(s,1H,--N--                             CH═); 3,74(s,2H,--CH.sub.2 --N); 2,73(s,2H,                                --CH.sub.2 pyr);                                                      4        B.P. 126.8                                                                     IR; C═O; 1750, 1629                                                        NMR; 7,31-7,09 (m, 5H, arom); 6,81 + 6,76(AB,2H,J =                            3,7, --CH═CH--) 4,23(s,2H,--CH.sub.2 --N--); 3,87(q,                       2H,J = 7,2, ethylester); 2,79 (s,2H,CH.sub.2)                         5        B.P. 126° C.                                                            IR; 1660, 1706, (C═O)                                                      NMR; 8,7-8,5(2H, Ar); 8,5-8,35(3H;Ar); 6,82(H.sub.A,                           J.sub.AB = 3,76Hz); 6,76 (H.sub.B, J.sub.AB = 3,75 Hz); 5,08                   (t,2H,                                                                         CH.sub.2); 4,14(t,2H, CH.sub.2); 3,67(quint.. 2H, CH.sub.2);                   3,53(t,2H, CH.sub.2); 3,33 (t,2H, CH.sub.2); 2,95 (quint.. 2H,                 CH.sub.2).                                                            6        NMR; 7,24-7,06 (m, 5H, Ar); 7,16 (s, 1H); 6,80, 6,62                           (AB, J = 3,8 Hz, Thiophen-H); 6,31 (9,1H, J = 0.8 Hz);                         2,40 (d, 3H, J = 0.8 Hz)                                              7        NMR; 7,26-7,03 (m, 5H, Ar); 6,80, 6,62 (AB, J = 3,8                            Hz, Thiophen-H); 6,30 (9, 1H, J = 0,8 Hz); 3,51 (s, 2H,                        CH.sub.2); 2,62 9,2H,6,8 Hz); 2,38 (d, 3H, 0,8 Hz); 1,12                       (t, 3H, J = 6,8 Hz)                                                   8        B.P. 104-105° C.                                                        JR; 3435, 2960, 1608, 1315, 1158, 1121, 843, 762, 698                          NMR; 7,48-7,15 (m, 9H, Ar); 6,75 (s, 1H); 3,75 (s, 2H,                         CH.sub.2 --N); 2,79(s, 2H, --CH.sub.2 --); 1,28 (s,6H,                         CH.sub.3)                                                             9        B.P. 174-174.5° C.                                                      IR; 3420, 2960, 1706, 1319, 1156, 1110, 846, 758, 695                          NMR; 7,5-7,04 (m, 9H, Ar); 3,77 (s, 2H, CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H);                  3,6 (s, 2H, CH.sub.2 --N); 2,86 (s, 2H, --CH.sub.2); 1,30 (s,                  6H,                                                                            CH.sub.3)                                                             ______________________________________                                    

                                      TABLE 4                                      __________________________________________________________________________     EXAMPLES                                                                       2 #STR11##                                                                     Nr.                                                                               R.sup.1                                                                          R.sup.2  R.sup.3   R.sup.4                                                                           R.sup.5                                                                          R.sup.6                                                                             R.sup.7                                                                             X  a                                    __________________________________________________________________________     1  Ph                                                                               Ph       CH.sub.2 --CONHOH                                                                        H  H CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.2                                                                          0                                    2  Ph                                                                               Ph       CH.sub.2 --CON(CH.sub.3)OH                                                               H  H CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.2                                                                          0                                    3  Ph                                                                               4-Cl-ph  CH.sub.2 --CONHSO.sub.2 CF.sub.3                                                         H  H CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.2                                                                          0                                    4  Ph                                                                               4-Cl-ph  CH.sub.2 --CONHSO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                         H  H CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.2                                                                          0                                    5  Ph                                                                               4-Cl-ph  CH.sub.2 --CONHSO.sub.2 Ph                                                               H  H CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.2                                                                          0                                    6  Ph                                                                               4-Cl-ph  CH.sub.2 --CONHTosyl                                                                     H  H CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.2                                                                          0                                    7  Ph                                                                               5-Cl-2-thienyl                                                                          CH.sub.2 --CONHSO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                         H  H CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.2                                                                          0                                    8  Ph                                                                               5-Cl-2-thienyl                                                                          CH.sub.2 --CONHTosyl                                                                     H  H CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.2                                                                          0                                    9  Ph                                                                               4-Cl-ph  CH.sub.2 --CONHSO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                         H  H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                   CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                   CH.sub.2                                                                          0                                    10 Ph                                                                               4-Cl-ph  CH.sub.2 --CONHTosyl                                                                     H  H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                   CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                   CH.sub.2                                                                          0                                    11 Ph                                                                               5-Cl-2-thienyl                                                                          CH.sub.2 --CONHSO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                         H  H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                   CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                   CH.sub.2                                                                          0                                    12 Ph                                                                               5-Cl-2-thienyl                                                                          CH.sub.2 --CONHTosyl                                                                     H  H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                   CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                   CH.sub.2                                                                          0                                    13 Ph                                                                               (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CONHTosyl                                                              Ph        H  H CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.2                                                                          0                                    14 Ph                                                                               5-Cl-thienyl                                                                            CH.sub.2 --CONHSO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                         CH.sub.3                                                                          --                                                                               H    --   S  0                                    15 Ph                                                                               4-CF.sub.3 --Ph                                                                         CH.sub.2 --CONHSO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                         H  H CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.3                                                                            CH.sub.2                                                                          0                                    __________________________________________________________________________

                  TABLE 5                                                          ______________________________________                                         Com-                                                                           pound of                                                                       Example #                                                                      ______________________________________                                         1      B.P. 77,1° C.                                                           IR. 3255 (OH); 1651 (C═O)                                                  NMR; 7,12-6,67 (m, 1OH, Ar.); 3,53 (s, 2H, CH.sub.2 -3); 3,37                  (s, 2H, --CH.sub.2 --Py); 2,73 (s, 2H, CH.sub.2 -1); 1,38 (s, 6H,              CH.sub.3)                                                               2      B.P. 160,1° C.                                                          IR; 3450 (OH)                                                                  1620(C═O)                                                                  NMR; 7,30-6,90 (m, 1OH, Ar.); 3,81 (s, 2H, CH.sub.3 -3); 3,68                  (s, 2H, CH.sub.2 -Py); 2,93 (s, 3H, CH.sub.3 --N); 2,85 (s,2H,                 CH.sub.2 -1); 1,3 (s, 6H, CH.sub.3)                                     3      B.P. 178-179° C.                                                        IR; 3415 (--NH--), 1689 (--C═O), 1531, 1010 (SO.sub.2)                     NMR; δ = 7,4-7,0 (m, 9H, 2 Ar); 5,42 (b; 1H, --NH); 3,72                 (s, 2H, CH.sub.2), 3,67 (s; 2H, --CH.sub.2 --); 2,87 (s, 2H,                   CH.sub.2),                                                                     1,30 (s, 6H, 2CH.sub.3)                                                 4      B.P. 187-188° C.                                                        IR; 3240, 2955, 1729, 1480, 1449, 1397, 1325, 1180, 1102,                      695, 3190, 2955, 1717, 1450, 1400, 1341, 1321, 1170, 1115,                     974, 693, 500                                                                  NMR; δ(ppm); 7,91 (s, 1H, --NH--); 7,32-7,01 (m, 9H,                     arom); 3,69 (s, 2H, --CH.sub.2 --N--); 3,67 (s, 2H,                            CH.sub.2 --C═O); 3,10 (s, 3H, CH.sub.3 -s); 2,87 (s, 2H,                   --CH.sub.2 --); 1,31 (s, 6H, --CH.sub.3)                                5      B.P. 196-197° C.                                                        IR; 3480 (--NH--) 1716 (--C═O), 1447 (--SO.sub.2 --)                       cm.sup.-1                                                                      1175, 1131, 1084 (SO.sub.2)                                                    NMR; δ = 8,3 (s, b NH), 7,9-6,9 (m, 14 H, 3M); 3,55 (s,                  4H, 2--CH.sub.2 --); 2,83 (s, 2H, CH.sub.2), 1,26 (s, 6H, 2                    CH.sub.3)                                                               6      B.P. 207-209° C.                                                        IR; 3295 (--NH--), 1721 (--C═N), 1413, 1183, 1084                          (--SO.sub.2)                                                                   NMR; 7,8-7,7 (m, 2H, AA'), 7,35-6,95 (m, 11H, 2 Ar                             + BB'); 3,55 (5,2H, CH.sub.2); 3,54 (s; 2H, CH.sub.2); 2,84 (s,                2H;                                                                            CH.sub.2); 2,45 (s, 3H, Ar--CH.sub.3); 1,26 (s; 6H; 2--CH.sub.3)        7      B.P. 163° C.                                                            IR; 3220, 2950, 1721, 1432, 1395, 1341, 1176, 1113, 971,                       878                                                                            NMR; 7,31-7,14 (m, 5H, arom,); 6,83 + 6,56(AB,2H,J =                           3,7Hz--CHCH--); 3,72(s,2H,); 3,69(s, 2H); 3,44(s,3H,                           --SO.sub.2 CH.sub.3); 2,84(s,2H,--CH.sub.2 --); 1,30(s,6H,--CH.sub.            3)                                                                      8      B.P. 188° C.                                                            IR; 3235 (--NH--), 1725 (--C═O), 1442, 1166, 1083                          (SO.sub.2 --)                                                                  NMR; 8,1 (b, 1H,--NH), 7,9-7,8(m,2H,AA',Ar), 7,4-                              7,1 (m,7H,Ar + BB') 6,74, 2,82(s,2H, CH.sub.2); 2,29-2,41                      (m,2H,CH.sub.2 --COOH) (6,45(AB,JAB = 3,75Hz); 3,58                            (s,2H,CH.sub.2); 3,56(s,2H,CH.sub.2) 2,80(s,2H,CH.sub.2),                      2,45(s,3H,Ar--CH.sub.3); 1,25(5,6H;2CH.sub.3)                           9      B.P. 191° C.                                                            IR; 3435, 3225, 1721, 1598, 1447, 1400, 1340, 1320, 1111,                      971                                                                            NMR; 7,32-7,01 (m, 9H, arom); 3,71 (s, 2H,                                     --CH.sub.2 --CO-7); 3,68 (s, 2H, ); 3,11 (s, 3H,                               --SO.sub.2 --CH.sub.3); 2,85 (s, 2H, --CH.sub.2 --); 1,64 (q, 4H,              J = 7,5, ethyl), 0,91 (t, 6H, J = 7,5, ethyl)                           10     IR; 3225 (--NH--), 1721 (--C═O), 1439 (--SO.sub.2 --)                      cm.sup.-1 1184 ((SO.sub.2), 1081 (SO.sub.2)                                    NMR; 7,79-6,95 (m, 13H, arom), 3,57 (s, 2H,                                    --CH.sub.2 --C═O), 3,54 (s, 2H, --CH.sub.2 --N--), 2,8                     (s, 2H,--CH.sub.2 --), 2,44 (s, 3H, Ph--CH.sub.3)                       11     B.P. 140-142° C.                                                        IR; 3260 (--NH--), 1722(--C═O), 1437                                       (--SO.sub.2 --) 1327, 1113                                                     NMR; 7,4-7,1 (m, 5H, Ar); 6,82/6,55 (AB-System,                                J.sub.AB = 3,8 Hz 3,72 (s,2H, CH.sub.2); 3,71(s,2H, CH.sub.2);                 3,21 (s; 3H, SO.sub.2 CH.sub.3), 2,82(s,2H,CH.sub.2), 1,619                    (q,4H,                                                                         2--CH.sub.2, J = 7,4Hz; 0,899 (t, 6H, J = 7,4Hz, 2CH.sub.3 --)          12     B.P. 158-160° C.                                                        IR; 3225 (--NH--), 1721 (--C═O); 1432, 1184, 1084                          (--SO.sub.2)                                                                   NMR; 8,02 (b,1H; NH--); 7,9-7,8 (m,2H; AA') 7,4-7,1                            (m═,7H, Ar + BB'); 6,740/6,446(AB,2H, JAB = 3,7HZ);                        3,58(s,4H, 2--CH.sub.2); 2,79 (s,2H,CH.sub.2), 2,45(s,3H,                      Ar--CH.sub.3); 1,57 (q,4H;2CH.sub.2); 0,861 (t,6H,2CH.sub.3)            13     B.P. 210° C. unter Zersetzung                                           IR; 3300 (NH); 1720 (C═O)                                                  NMR; 1,20-1,58 (m, 4H, --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --); 1,26 (s, 6H,                 CH.sub.3); 1,99-2,20 (m, 2H, CH.sub.2 --CO); 2,42 (s, 3H,                      Ar--CH.sub.3);                                                                 2,83 (s, 2H, CH3); 2,28-2,39 (m, 2H, CH.sub.2 --Py);                           3,75 (s, 2H, CH.sub.2), 6,94-7,71 (m, 14H, Ar.)                         14     B.P. 203-204° C.                                                        IR; 3430, 3175, 3161, 1678, 1596, 1466, 1438, 1341, 1133.                      NMR; 8,2-7,7 (b, 1H, NH), 7,4-7,1 (m, 5H, Ar,); 6,90                           (d, 1H, J = 4,0Hz, thien.), 6,69 (d, 1H, J = 4,0 Hz, thien.);                  6,38 (q, 1H, J = 0,8Hz, thiaz,);4,07 (s, 2H, CH.sub.2); 3,271                  (s, 3H, SO.sub.2 CH.sub.3); 2,554 (d, 3H, J = 0,8Hz).                   15     B.P. >190° C. u.Z.                                                      IR; 3480 (CNH); 1722 (C═O)                                                 NMR; 7,51-7,08 (m, 9H, Ar); 3,67 (s, 2H, CH.sub.2 --C); 3,58                   (s, 2H, CH.sub.2 --), 3,07 (s, 3H, CH.sub.3); 2,86 (s, 2H,                     CH.sub.2);                                                                     1,28 (s, 6H, CH.sub.2)                                                  ______________________________________                                     

We claim:
 1. A heterocyclic compound of formula I: ##STR12## in which two of the radicals R¹, R² and R³, which may the identical or different, stand for a hydrogen atom, a phenyl or naphthyl radical, which optionally has one or two substituents which are selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, CF₃, NO₂, OH, alkoxy, OCF₃, alkyl and phenyloxy, or for a mono- or bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic radical which has at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur and which is optionally condensed with a phenyl or napthyl radical and is optionally substituted by halogen, CF₃, alkyl or alkoxy, andthe third of the radicals R¹, R² and R³ stands for COCO₂ H, COCO₂ alkyl or A--Y,A stands for C₁ -C₈ alkylene or C₂ -C₈ alkenylene, Y stands for CONR⁸ R⁹, R⁸ stands for H, alkyl, OH, or acyl, and R⁹ is SO₂ alkyl, or SO₂ phenyl, and the alkyl radical of the sulfonyl group is optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms and the phenyl radical of the sulfonyl group is optionally substituted by one or more halogen, C₁ -C₈ alkyl, or C₁ -C₈ alkoxy radicals, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and R⁷, which may be identical or different, stand for H or alkyl, or two of the vicinal radicals stand for a chemical bond between the two ring atoms to which they are bonded and the other two have the meanings recited, X stands for CH₂, CO, O, S, or NR¹⁰, where R¹⁰ stands for H, alkyl or phenyl, which is optionally substituted by halogen, C₁ -C₈ alkyl, or C₁ -C₈ alkoxy, B stands for CH₂, and a stands for 0, and their salts and esters.
 2. The compound of claim 1 of formula I, in which two of the radicals R¹, R² and R³, independently of one another, stand for a hydrogen atom, a phenyl radical, a phenyl radical substituted by one or two halogen atoms or CF₃ or a 5- or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic radical, which as defined in claim 1 is optionally substituted and condensed,the third of the radicals R¹, R² and R³ stands for A--Y, wherein A stands for C₁ -C₈ alkylene, and Y has the meanings recited in claim
 1. 3. The compound of claim 2 of formula I, wherein R¹ stands for H or phenyl, R² for phenyl, halogen- or CF₃ -substituted phenyl, thienyl, halogen-substituted thienyl, or furanyl.
 4. The compound of claim 1, wherein R⁹ stands for SO₂ CF₃, SO₂ CH₃, SO₂ phenyl, or SO₂ tolyl.
 5. 6-(4-Trifluoromethylphenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-7-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizin-5-yl! acetic acid methane sulfonamide.
 6. A pharmaceutical composition containing at least one compound of claim 1, optionally in combination with pharmaceutically compatible vehicle and/or additive substances.
 7. A process for preparing the compounds of claim 1, wherein a compound of the general formula II: ##STR13## is reacted with a compound of the general formula III: ##STR14## wherein in the above formulas the radicals B, a, X and R¹ -R⁷ have the meanings recited in claim 1 and Z stands for Cl or Br, to form a compound of the general formula Ia: ##STR15## in which R¹ -R⁷, B, a and X have the meanings recited in claim 1 and into the compound obtained, the radical A--CO₂ H is inserted and the acid obtained is converted into the desired sulfonamide, amide or imide.
 8. The process of claim 7, wherein a compound of formula Ia in which one of the radicals R¹, R² and R³ stands for A--CO₂ H, is reacted in the form of an activated derivative with the corresponding sulfonamide, amide or imide, optionally in the presence of a base.
 9. The process of claim 7, for preparing the formula I compounds, in which the third of the radicals R¹, R² and R³ stands for CH₂ COOH, wherein a compound of formula Ia defined in claim 7 isa) reacted with oxalyl chloride to form a compound of formula I, in which one of the radicals R¹, R² and R³ stands for COCO₂ H, and this compound is treated with a reagent which is suitable for reducing the keto group of the ketocarboxylic acid to a CH₂ group, b) reacted with a diazoethanoic acid alkyl ester to form a formula I compound, in which one of the radicals R¹, R² and R³ stands for CH₂ COO alkyl and the compound obtained is subjected to ester cleavage, or c) is reacted with chloral to form a formula I compound, in which one of the radicals R¹, R², and R³ stands for --CH(OH)CCl₃ and the compound obtained is converted into an activated derivative, which is reduced with dithionite. 